Improvement in electro-magnetic engines



O. J. B. GAUME. Electro-Magnetic Engines.

No. 211,985. Pa;%ntfi' y1f9 b.4,1879.

l NVENTOR 5% BY 45: g

ATTORNEYS.

u PETERS. FHOTD-IJTHOGRAPHER. WASWNGTOM u C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEioE CHARLES J. 13. GAUDIE, OF BROOKLYN, E.

1)., NET? YORK.

lMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRO-MAGNETiC ENGlNES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 211,985, dated February4, 1879; application filed October 2, 1878.

To all whom it may concern I Be ithnown that 1, Cinemas J. 13. GAUME, ofBrooklyn, E. 1)., in the county of Kin gs and State of New York, haveinvented a new and Improved Electro-Magnetic Engine, of which thefollowing is a specification Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectionof my improved engine, taken through. the line a :r, Fig. Fig. 2 is anend view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the same,taken through the line y 3 Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is a side view of thecommutator. Fig. 5 is a section of the same, taken through the line .2.c', Fig. 4-, showin the parts in detail.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondin g parts.

The object of this invention. is to furnish an improved electromagneticengine which shall be so constructed as to avoid the back pull upon themagnets, and which at the same time shall be simple in construction.

The invention relates to an improved arrangement ot' the armaturcs withreference to magnets revolving upon an axis with which one portion ofeach armature is concentric and another portion thereof is flat andprojects in a plane tangential, or nearly so, to the circle described bythe magnets.

The invention further relates to the construction of the commutator,whereby the flanged parts thereof are held rigidly in close contact, ashereinafter described.

A are three magnets, the arms of which are wound with insulated wire 13in the usual way, and which are formed upon or firmly attached to thesleeve 0. The sleeve (3 thus forms a part or the magnets, and is placedupon and secured to the shaft- D.

The end of the shalt D from which poweris taken to the machinery to bedriven proj cts through and revolves in bearings in the center of thehead E or the case or cylinder.

The other end of the shaft 1) passes through a hole in the center of thehead F of the cylinder, and passes through and revolves in bearings inan arm or bracket, Ur, cast upon the said head F.

The cylinder is formed of the soft-iron bars or armatures L and theplates 1, which close tile spaces between the said armaturcs, and whichare made of brass or other nonmagnetic material. The heads 1*] F aresecured to the ends of the arinatures H by screw-bolts. About halt ofthe inner sides of the armaturcs ii are made concave, and such concaveportions are concentric with the axis D. The re- 1n aining portion ofthe inner side of each armature is straight and parallel to a planewhich cuts a small segment of the periphery of the greatest circledescribed by the armaturcs. By this construction and arrangement of themagnets the attraction exerted on the magnets by the armatures is atfirst very slight, but is gradually increased till the magnets reach thecenter of the concave portion of the armatures, when the electriccircuit is broken. I have found that I thus avoid a jerky or unequalmotion and back pull of the revolving magnets, and that the energy orforce of the motor is considerably greater than when the entire innersurfaces oithearmatures are made concave concentrically with the axis D.

One end of the wires 13 is connected with the sleeve C, making the saidsleeve G and the shaft 1) a part of the circuit. The bearings for theshaft 1) are lined with brass or other suitable material.

The end of the shaft 1) is perforated longitudinallv, and in the holethus formed is placed a copper wire, J, the end of which projects alittle beyond the end of shaft 1), and upon it rests the end of theconnecting-arm K, which is attached to and insulated from the arm Ur.

To the other end of the arm K is attached the clamp L, to receive andhold the end of one of the circuit-wires.

The other ends of the helix-wires 13 pass out through the hole in theend plate F, and are connected with the diit'erent parts of thecoinmutator, which is placed upon the shaft 1),

between the head 1:" and the end of the arm or rubber.

formed upon the end of a sleeve or hub, andhaving arms projecting to oneside formed upon its edge, the said arms and hub projecting in oppositedirections. v

The parts M N O are insulated from each other and from the bushing thatfits upon the shaft D by pasteboard and hard rubber or other suitablenon-conducting material.

The arms of the parts M N O are made of such a length that their endsmay be in the same plane with the outer surfaces of the outerring-plates. The number of arms of thethree parts must be the same, andmust be arrau god in regular order.

After the parts M N 0 have been placed on the cylinder 0 the ends of thebushing I) are flared, (see Fig. 1,) in order to hold said parts closetogether.

The wheel thus formed is faced with copper,

' which is sawed into strips in line with the spaces between the arms ofthe parts M N O, and the slits thus formed are filled with hard The faceof the commutator is then turned down perfectly true and smooth for thecontact-wheel l to roll upon. The contactwheel P is pivoted to the endof the springarm Q, which is connected with and insulated from the armor bracket G. The fasteningbolt of the spring-arm Q passes'through aslot in the arm or bracket G, so'that the position of the said arm Q maybe occasionally adjusted to prevent the contact-wheel P from wearing agroove in the commutator M N 0.

With the spring-arm Q is connected the clamp R,bywhichthe end of theother circuit-wire is held.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. The combination, with the series ofrevolving electro-magnets A, of the armatures H, which have a concaveportion placed c011- centric with the axis of said magnets, and theirforward portions a being straight and projecting at an angle withthecircle described by the magnets, all as shown and described, for thepurpose specified.

2. The commutator formed of the three flanged or armed parts M N O andthe insu lating-cylinder 0 and metallic bushing I), the ends of thelatter being flared to hold the said parts together, as shown anddescribed.

CHARLES J. B. GAUME.

Witnesses JAMES T. GRAHAM, O. SEDGWICK.

